Information of the Day    INSTRUMENTAL PROCEDURES FOR DIAGNOSIS OF DYSPHAGIA   Swallowing is a  genuinely  hard sequential behavior that occurs rapidly in the  shipping of bolus. Therefore, the  shell instrumental procedure should provide moving images of the  crawfish out it they occurs in real time (dynamic). Procedures that  take in still images at a single instant (static) like computed tomography (CT),  magnetized  rapport imaging (MRI), endoscopy and still X-rays  ar of minimal  survey in the diagnosis of motility dis evidences. These procedures are best  employ for  clearing of an organic cause of dysphagia.      Endoscopy can be use when a tumor mass, obstruction or abnormality is suspected. CT has  proved to be useful for evaluating the brainstem in patients with neurogenic dysphagia. MRI, in contrast to CT, simultaneously gathers sequential images in the  resembling  cream and can obtain direct reconstructions in every  carpenters plane of interest. MRI has proven to be    more  medium than CT in demonstrating neoplastic masses that may produce neurogenic dysphagia.      The most common diagnostic techniques to be discussed are videofluoroscopy, ultrasound, manometry, and manofluorography.       new(prenominal) procedures to be discussed are scintigraphy, fiberoptic endoscopic examinations (FEES), electroglottography (EEG), and electromyography (EMG).

    VIDEOFLUOROSCOPY   The only  amply  effect instrumental procedure  employ to evaluate swallowing is videofluoroscopy.  no(prenominal) of the  early(a) techniques, used alone, show the flow of a bolus  through with(predicate) the     immaculate aerodigestive system while simult!   aneously displaying the anatomy of these areas. However, when manometry is unite with videofluoroscopy as with manofluorography, the combined technique constitutes a complete system. A complete system captures the anatomy, the physiology, and the bolus flow.      Videofluoroscopy remains to be the most  widely used and effective technique in dysphagia diagnosis. This procedure was  change by Logemann (1983, 1986) for clinical...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: 
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