United Kingdom of Britain and Northern Ireland

gigantic Britain is do up of tierce countries, Eng inflict, Scot cut down and Wales. It is an island off the coast of north tungsten of Europe. Britain is part of the United Kingdom of Britain and Northern Ireland. The capital is London. in that respect ar many different landscapes in Britain, from high mountains to rolling hill smooth valleys. Places like Wales, the Lake District and northwest Scotland realise high mountains and steep slopes made out of solid rocks.This landscape was made millions of years ago during the ice rink ages, when moving glaciers of ice made deep valleys, steep mountain slopes and abundant lakes. The southern and easterly parts of Britain atomic number 18 made up of littler rocks that have tended and father fertile farmland.The highest point is Ben Nevis 1343 metres above ocean level and the lowest point is Holme Fen 3 metres below ocean level. The population is 57,970,200 people, the population density at 239 people per squ are km.92% of Br itish people perish in urban areas while just now 8% come through in rural areas.Great Britain is completely encircled by sea, isolating it from the rest of Europe. No part of Britain is far from the sea, which is an big resource for fishing, tourism and ports.Britains rivers provide drinking water for towns, and wet farmers crops. all the same rivers can ca using up floods.The northern and occidental portions are mountainous. The highlands the Pennine Chain, forms the sand of northern England. Rolling plains occupy close to of central and eastern England. The western part of the central region is cognize as the Midlands. To the east lies The Fens, a marsh area. To the south, an elevated plateau slopes upward.The ter precipitate of Scotland is mountainous except is divided into three regions, from north to south the Highlands, the Central Lowlands, and the Southern Uplands. The Highlands occupy much than than a half of Scotland, the most(prenominal) rugged region on the island of Great Britain.Wales has an guerilla coastline and many bays the biggest is Cardigan Bay. Except for narrow and low coastal areas, in the main in the south and west, Wales is mostly mountainous.Great Britain has quite cool summers and mild winters. The weather changes from day to day. The humour is temperate the country does not have farseeing periods when it is hot or cold.Western parts of Britain receive more rain and snow during the year than south and east. This is because southwesterly winds bring water from the Atlantic Ocean to the west, which falls as rain where it meets the mountains on land. There are large amounts of water in this area and a shortage in the south and the east.Britains humor is getting warmer. Average temperatures have move 0.5c since 1850. This is enough to start the polar ice caps melting. If the ice caps pass off to melt, large areas of southern and eastern England will be permanently flooded.The intend annual temperature ranges b etween 11.1c in the south and 8.9c in the northeast.Fogs, mists, and overcast skies are frequent, particularly in the inland regions.Like the climate of the rest of Great Britain, Scotland is influenced by the surrounding seas. As a result, extreme point changes are rare and temperate winters and cool summers are the major climate features. Low temperatures are common in the winter season. Precipitation ranges from intimately 3810mm annually in the western Highlands to about 635mm annually in eastern areas.The climate of Wales, is a lot like Englands, it is mild and moist. Annual rainfall changes with elevation, ranging from about 762 mm in coastal regions to more than 2540 mm in the Snowdon massif.As a result of the relative warmth of the nearby seas, England has a moderate climate. Precipitation is heaviest during October, it averages about 760 mm annually in most of England.England has some agricultural and mineral resources but must rely on imports of both. Approximately two-f ifths of the land area is arable, and the richest landed estates are found in the east.The soil is generally rocky and impotent, except for that of the Central Lowlands.Much of the soil of Wales is of infertile rocky or leached types. The most fertile soils are in the atomic number 34 and in a few coastal areas.Only about 8.5% of Britain land is forested, and half of this was planted forty years ago. Britains natural forest tail has been cut down over hundreds of years, especially in the eighteenth and 19th century.The most common species of trees indigenous to Scotland are oak and conifers mainly fir, pine, and larch. Large forested areas are rare, and woodlands are in the southern and eastern Highlands. Vegetation in the elevated regions consists largely of heather, ferns, mosses, and grasses. Practically all of the gracious plants of Scotland were imported from America and Europe.More than 3/4 of the land is utilize for agriculture farming and grazing occupy the same amou nt of land. The most important crops are wheat, oats, and potatoes. Other crops include barley, turnips, and fruit.Wales has ferns and mosses in low-lying, wet areas. Grasslands are mainly at higher elevations. Crops include barley, oats, potatoes, and hay. Less than 10% of the land is under cultivation, and about 40% are in grazing land. Forests cover only about 4% of the land, but government reforestation programs are increasing in the area.England used to be heavily forested, mainly oak and beech in the lowlands and pine and birch in the mountains. Woodlands now fabricate less than 4% of the total land area. Many types of fruit trees make grow in England, including the cherry, apple, and plum trees. Gorse is a common shrub. Many varieties of wildflowers overly grow here.During the eighteenth century, Britain gained an empire by colonising parts of North America, Africa and Asia. By the nineteenth century, England was bringing back much wealth from these colonies. The trade in slaves and other superbs from the colonies supplied the money to build the factories and the machines of Britains Industrial Revolution. The country highly-developed heavy industries like coal mining, iron and steel manufacturing, engineering and shipbuilding. However in the twentieth century other countries revolutionised and began to compete with Britain in the afield markets so British exports declined.From the 1950s on, many former Britain colonies in Africa and Asia became indie and made their own industries, this affecting Britains imports and exports. solely over Britain factories, mill about etc closed.By the 1990s the worst of the decline had finished and Britain began to concentrate on saucily hi-tech and service industries.In the last 25 years, microelectronics has become one of the fastest growing sectors of Britain industry. It is a new phase of industrial growth which scientists call re-industrialisation. The future for Britain as a manufacturing nation looks go od and it depends on whether it can develop and specialise in hi-tech industries much(prenominal) as aerospace, computers, electronics, telecommunications and biotechnology.The private car is the most popular form of revel for most British people. The British rail company is becoming more modernised with new high-speed rail services. Air transport in Britain is excessively important and very popular. The British industry is now more efficient and competitive in the world markets because of the governments actions of new industrial growth in depressed areas and growth of service industries in financial, shopping and transport.Telecommunications are administered by British Telecom. 29.5 million telephones were in use in the mid-1980s, giving Britain one of the worlds largest telecommunications systems.In the 1980s 15 mercantile program companies gave the television on a basis satellite-broadcasting services have also been introduced. Four television channels are broadcasted at t he issue and soon a fifth. 50 commercial firms in the main cities run local radio stations.124 daily and Sunday newspapers and more than 1000 hebdomadally newspapers are published in Great Britain. 15 London newspapers dispense nationwide, and 6 of them have daily circulations of more than 1 million.Britain is a innate monarchy the queen is the head of the state but politics is controlled by their parliament. There are two houses of Parliament The House of Commons who are choose by the public and The House of Lords made up of peers.The main British political parties are Labour, Conservative and Liberal Democrat. There are also Welsh and Scottish parties who want to be separate from England.The political party system has existed since the 17th century. Several parties win seats in Commons, but Great Britain has worked as a two-party system for more than a century. The majority party forms His or Her Majestys Government, and the second party is officially known as His or Her Majestys Own Loyal Opposition. The opposition draw is stipendiary a salary from public funds for that role.Britain has a long account statement as a great political and powerful country. Britain is trying to reconstruct its economy by regaining its political importance.Great Britain is primarily an industrial and commercial nation. It has major industries like transportation, communications, steel, petroleum, coal, gas and electricity. It is a world leader in international trade, it imports foodstuffs and materialism, and exports finished and manufactured goods.Gross Domestic convergence $1,018,000,000,000 (US)Gross Domestic Product per capita $17,690 (US)Money hammer in sterling. One pound = 100 pence.Chief Economic Products agriculture, fishing, mining, manufacturing.Employment Breakdown 58% Trades and serve2% Agriculture, Forestry, FishingEducation is very important to everyone in Britain. All children have to go to school once they turn fiver, and must refer till they turn sixteen. Two education systems exist one is gratuitous and funded by the government and the other is private where parents pay school fees for childrens education. Students can continue their education at colleges at higher levels or universities there are 46 universities. The government is trying to encourage more students to go into higher education.Religion The Church of England has the most members, 54%, in Great Britain. Most members, however, live in England. The second biggest religion, is the Roman Catholic Church (13%). Catholics are spread throughout the country. Other religions include Protestantism (which includes the religions of Wales and Scotland), Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, and Sikhism.wellness General physicians in Great Britain are part of the National health Service, although some also have private patients. The service provides full, free medical examination care to all people.Family Life Most British people live in houses and 15% live in flats. In the last five years many people have been moving out of towns and cities to live in the countryside because of the urban problems like crime, traffic and air pollution.